Typically, hearing loss is a gradual process that develops over time as a natural part of ageing. However, in some cases, it can happen suddenly and unexpectedly, which is far more noticeable and can feel daunting.
Hearing disorders can be caused by a range of factors, can be temporary or permanent, and affect either one or both ears. Here, we’ll explain the possible causes, symptoms, and treatment plans for sudden hearing loss.
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), or sudden deafness, is an unexplained, rapid loss of hearing that can happen at once or over a few days. While not common, it’s estimated to affect between 5 and 20 people per 100,000. SSHL is most commonly experienced by adults in their late 40s and early 50s, but it can affect people of all ages.
Although for some, it may be a temporary problem and their hearing recovers, it could be permanent for others. So, it should be considered a medical emergency and immediate medical attention is necessary.
Symptoms for SSHL may include:
If you or someone you know is experiencing sudden deafness, it’s vital to call NHS 111 or visit your GP immediately, as this may indicate a medical emergency. Prompt treatment within 48 hours of symptoms starting can significantly enhance the likelihood of hearing recovery.
A variety of factors can cause sudden hearing loss. However, in many cases, the cause is unknown. It’s estimated that only 10-15% of people diagnosed with sudden hearing loss have an identifiable cause.
Some of the causes can include:
If you experience any form of sudden hearing loss, it’s always best to seek the advice of a GP or hearing professional as soon as possible. To diagnose sudden deafness, your doctor will first look inside your ear canal to see if there’s any fluid or wax build-up and potentially rule out conductive hearing loss, which is hearing loss caused by an obstruction.
Your doctor may then administer a pure tone audiometry test to measure how loud different frequencies of sounds need to be before you can hear them and identify whether it is sensorineural hearing loss.
To determine an underlying cause, additional tests may be ordered, including blood tests, imaging, MRI, and balance tests.
Treatment options for sudden hearing loss will depend on whether the cause is known and whether it is conductive or sensorineural. If the hearing loss is due to a sinus infection or wax build-up, it can be easily treated with antibiotics and ear wax removal.
However, the most common and effective treatment method for more serious cases where the cause is unknown is steroid therapy, which helps reduce inflammation in the ear and promote healing. The steroids can be taken orally or as an injection through the eardrum, which is a better option for those who cannot take oral steroids or do not want to experience their side effects.
For those who do not recover all or part of their hearing, your doctor may recommend hearing aids or cochlear implants to improve and support your hearing health.
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), or sudden deafness is a rapid loss of hearing that can be temporary or permanent. Considered a medical emergency, if you experience any of the above symptoms, you should contact your doctor immediately for them to determine the possible cause and start treatment right away.
Book a free hearing test today to maintain your ear health and ease any worries.
Here, we answer your most commonly asked questions about SSHL.
SSHL can be permanent if left untreated. By seeking treatment as soon as possible, your chance of regaining all or some of your hearing greatly increases.
Sensorineural hearing loss is fairly uncommon, affecting approximately 5-20 cases per 100,000 people.
Although rare, stress, particularly chronic stress, can reduce blood flow to the ears, resulting in muffled hearing or temporary hearing loss.
Yes. Sudden hearing loss is classed as a medical emergency and should be seen too immediately.
It’s possible that sudden hearing loss can be a sign of an early stroke and having a stroke can also result in sudden hearing loss. It’s important to consult your doctor if you have any other symptoms relating to a stroke that is concerning you.